Name and describe six types of program instructions? a. Arithmetic instruction such as add and subtract are used to add or subtract numeric values. b. Logic instructions such as and, or, and not are used to do logical operation. c. Data instructions such as move, load, and store are used to move data from one memory location to another. d. Control flow instructions such as goto, if ... goto, call, and return are used to change the flow of control of the program. It is used to jump from one location of the program to another. e. Input instruction is used to get input from an external device or hard disk. f. Output instruction is used to out put some data to an output device such as monitor. Describe the three basic types of control structures? Basic control structures change the flow of control of a program. The three basic types of control structures are sequence, selection, and looping. A sequence control structure is simply a series of procedures that follow one another. If we have a procedure, method or function call then it changes the flow of control. A selection (if-then-else) control structure involves a choice. They change the flow of control based on some condition without looping. A loop is an operation that repeats until a certain condition is met. They change the flow of control based on some condition after looping. If you were required to write an inventory program which of the following languages would you write it in and why ? BASIC,COBOL,or FORTRAN. The main component of an inventory program is the database. If I were required to write an inventory program then I would chose COBOL. COBOL applications often run in critical areas of business. For instance, over 95% of finance–insurance data is processed with COBOL. Therefore, for an inventory program for a large store it will be better to buid the application with COBOL. One of the design goals for COBOL was to make it possible for non-programmers such as supervisors, managers and users, to read and understand COBOL code. This is another reason why I will chose COBOL because supervisors and managers can view and understand the code. List the advantages and disadvantages of custom software and packaged software. Advantages of Custom Software: Custom software is customizable. Therefore, companies will have the option to modify it according to their business needs. Since custom software is customizable, it will have a long life time as companies will be able to customize it for their future business needs. An investment in custom software can be an investment in the future of the business. If a company has a clear idea of what it needs to be more productive, to generate more sales or to be more efficient, then custom software is the best option. As the company comes up with new ideas or as the business changes, the software can be adapted to the new situation.